With which decorative arts movement was William Morris most associated?

William Morris is most closely associated with the Arts and Crafts movement, which emerged in the late 19th century as a reaction against the industrialization of society and the decline in quality of decorative arts. Morris, an influential designer, writer, and socialist thinker, believed that art should be accessible and could enhance everyday life. He emphasized craftsmanship, the beauty of handmade objects, and the importance of nature in design, which were core principles of the Arts and Crafts movement.

The movement sought to promote traditional craftsmanship and to reject the mass production methods that were prevalent during the Industrial Revolution. Through his work in textiles, wallpaper, and furniture, Morris championed the integration of art into everyday life, reflecting the belief that artistic value can be found in functional objects.

The other options—Art Nouveau, Baroque, and Rococo—represent different historical and stylistic movements that do not align with Morris's philosophy and contributions. Art Nouveau, while contemporary to Morris, is characterized by more organic forms and is not centered on the same principles as the Arts and Crafts movement. Baroque and Rococo are earlier styles known for their elaborate ornamentation and theatricality, which contrast sharply with Morris’s emphasis on simplicity and natural beauty.