Which historical figure is portrayed in a statue located in front of the Houses of Parliament?

The statue located in front of the Houses of Parliament that you are referring to is indeed of Oliver Cromwell. This statue was unveiled in 1890 and features Cromwell, who was a key figure in British history, having played a significant role in the English Civil War and the establishment of the Commonwealth. His leadership during a tumultuous period of English history has made him a notable subject for commemoration in such a prominent location, symbolizing the complex nature of authority and governance in Britain.

Understanding the context of this statue highlights Cromwell's historical significance, as he effectively challenged the monarchy of Charles I and sought to establish a republican form of government, which ultimately laid the groundwork for modern parliamentary democracy in the UK. This makes him a relevant and impactful figure to be represented in front of a location that embodies democratic governance.

The other figures mentioned have their own merits and contributions to literature and politics in Britain, but they do not specifically occupy the notable space in front of Parliament that Cromwell does, therefore their statues are located elsewhere in the city or not at all.