Which famous landmark is located near the River Thames?

The Houses of Parliament, also known as the Palace of Westminster, is located near the River Thames in London. This iconic building is not only a significant political center as the home of the UK Parliament but it is also a prominent symbol of British architecture and history. Its location along the Thames allows for picturesque views and has contributed to its status as a key attraction for visitors.

The other options represent famous landmarks located in different countries. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris, France, the Statue of Liberty is situated in New York City, USA, and the Brandenburg Gate is in Berlin, Germany. None of these landmarks have a connection to the River Thames, while the Houses of Parliament is intrinsically linked to it, making it the correct answer.