Which British author won the Booker Prize in 2009 for her work on historical fiction?

Hilary Mantel won the Booker Prize in 2009 for her historical novel "Wolf Hall," which is set in the Tudor period, focusing on Thomas Cromwell's rise to power in the court of Henry VIII. Her narrative style and ability to convey complex characters and events have been highly praised, making her a significant figure in contemporary literature. The success of "Wolf Hall" not only resonated with critics but also with a broad audience, solidifying Mantel’s reputation as a master of historical fiction.

While Zadie Smith, Ian McEwan, and Julian Barnes are also celebrated authors, they did not win the Booker Prize in 2009 for works of historical fiction. Smith is known for her contemporary narratives, McEwan often tackles modern themes, and Barnes has a diverse range of works that examine personal and social issues. In the context of the question, Mantel is specifically recognized for her contribution to historical fiction, making her the correct answer.