Which 17th-century figure has a statue outside the Houses of Parliament?

The statue outside the Houses of Parliament that represents a significant 17th-century figure is indeed Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell played a pivotal role in English history during the English Civil War, leading the Parliamentarian forces against King Charles I and eventually becoming the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland. His contributions to the development of modern democracy in Britain and his leadership during this tumultuous period make him a notable historical figure worthy of commemoration.

Statues and monuments in such prominent locations are often erected to honor individuals who have greatly impacted the country's political landscape or social structure. Cromwell's complex legacy continues to be relevant in discussions about power, governance, and the evolution of the British state, especially considering his significant actions against monarchy and his establishment of a republican form of government, albeit temporarily.

While Charles I was a significant figure of the same era, he is not commemorated with a statue at this location, as Cromwell's legacy often stands in contrast to that of the monarchy. Winston Churchill and Thomas Becket, while notable, belong to different periods in history, making them less relevant to this specific inquiry about 17th-century figures.